Topic outline of science

For a more comprehensive list, see the List of science topics.

Science in the broadest sense refers to any system of objective knowledge. In a more restricted sense, science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge based on the scientific method, as well as to the organised body of knowledge humans have gained by such research.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to science:

1 Essence of science 2 Branches or types of science 2.1 Scientific fields 2.1.1 Natural sciences 2.1.1.1 Biology (aka Biological science) 2.1.1.2 Physical sciences 2.1.2 Social sciences 2.1.3 Formal sciences 2.1.4 Applied sciences 3 History of science 4 Basic science concepts 4.1 Biological terms 5 Famous scientists 6 Science lists

Main article: Science

Inquiry Objectivity

Research Scientific method

Scientist

Empirical science (typically what is meant by the word "science"). The two main branches of science are:

• Natural science - studies natural phenomena, including biological life
• Social science - studies human behavior and societies

Formal science

Applied science

Main article: Fields of science

[edit] Natural sciences

Main article: Natural sciences

[edit] Biology (aka Biological science)

Main articles: Biology and List of biology disciplines

• Biochemistry
• Biophysics
• Botany
• Cellular biology
• Ecology
• Medicine
• Microbiology
• Molecular biology
• Physiology
• Zoology

[edit] Physical sciences

Main article: Physical science

• Astronomy
• Chemistry
• Earth sciences
• Physics

[edit] Social sciences

Main article: Social sciences

Anthropology Communication Cultural studies Economics Education

Geography History Linguistics Law (but see below) Political science

Psychology (but see below) Social policy Sociology Development studies

[edit] Formal sciences

Main article: Formal science

• Logic - see the List of basic topics in logic
• Mathematics - sometimes referred to as the "third science". See the List of basic mathematics topics
• and the theoretical branches of
  • Computer science
  • Information theory
  • Statistics - see the List of basic statistics topics

[edit] Applied sciences

Main article: Applied sciences

• Engineering - see the List of basic engineering topics
• Technology - see the List of basic technology topics

Main article: History of science

History of science in general History of scientific method Theories/sociology of science Historiography History of pseudoscience By era History of science in early cultures History of science in Classical Antiquity History of science in the Middle Ages History of science in the Renaissance Scientific revolution History of natural science Natural philosophy History of biology Natural history History of ecology History of molecular biology History of physical science History of nature History of astronomy, timeline History of chemistry History of earth science History of geography History of geology, timeline History of meteorology, timeline History of physics

History of the social sciences History of science and technology History of scientific method History of society History of archaeology, timeline History of business History of cognitive science History of community History of criminal justice History of critical theory History of economics History of education History of finance History of law History of linguistics History of management History of marketing History of parapsychology History of political science History of psychology, timeline History of public affairs History of sociology, timeline

See also: List of basic technology topics: History of technology

• Underlying and unifying principles of the biological sciences:
  • Universality
  • Evolution
  • Diversity
  • Continuity
  • Genetics
  • Homeostasis
  • Interactions

Main list: List of scientists

• Aristotle
• Archimedes
• Andreas Vesalius
• Nicolaus Copernicus
• Galileo Galilei
• Johannes Kepler
• René Descartes
• Isaac Newton
• Leonhard Euler
• Pierre-Simon Laplace
• Alexander von Humboldt
• Charles Darwin
• James Clerk Maxwell
• Marie Curie
• Albert Einstein
• Linus Pauling
• John Bardeen
• Frederick Sanger

Main article: List of science topics

• List of scientists

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